I was searching the Internet for more information on back pain when I chanced upon Dr John E. Sarno's TMS (Tension Myositis Syndrome) in his book
Healing Back Pain.
Dr Sarno's starts off by saying that
you should not conclude that you has this disorder described unless you has been throughly studied by your regular doctor and he has ruled out all serious conditions.
Dr Sarno
hypothesizes that repetitive strain injuries (RSI) and other
pain syndromes are entirely psychosomatic in nature and
not caused by underlying musculoskeletal injuries.
According to Sarno, emotional stress eventually
manifests itself as physical pain through tensed, oxygen
constricted muscles. Sarno calls this condition TMS. The muscle pain in TMS is
similar to what athletes might feel after strenuous
workouts. The difference is that for athletes pain
relief usually occurs within moments of completing the
workout whereas RSI sufferers have constant, lingering
pain. TMS says that the brain latches onto tension to
divert attention from underlying negative emotions. By
doing this, the brain manages to suppress the negative
emotions deeper into the unconscious levels. This can
lead to a disastrous cycle where negative emotions cause
RSI pain, which end causing more stress and negative
emotions and transitively more pain. Sarno boasts very
high rates of treatment success (85% - 95%) with his
approach, and many RSI sufferers have claimed complete
recoveries from adopting this regime.
Symptoms of TMS
- No conventional
treatment seems to bring lasting results, you’ve
tried everything and nothing works.
- You’re a “Type
A” personality. Common personality traits include:
Perfectionist, self-motivated, ambitious, neat and
organized, in control, responsible, self-critical,
tendency to feel guilty.
- Pain plays a
large role in your life. You think about it and/or
experience it frequently.
- You have a
history of psychosomatic conditions, not necessarily
clinically diagnosed. Earlier trauma or eating
disorder for example.
- The pain
coincides with or started at a stressful periods of
your life.
Unconscious fear and anger
People are capable of experiencing various negative
emotions like fear, anger, guilt, anxiety and shame.
During a lifetime a person will likely experience a
variety of these emotions to varying degrees. People
also tend to construct a self-image of themselves as
intelligent, successful, independent, strong, likable,
sexually attractive, patient and loyal in the context of
some role like a husband or wife, father or mother. When
a situation arises that threatens this self-image, the
mind tends to do everything possible to divert conscious
attention from this threat and avoid confronting it.
Psychologically, a persons mind avoids confronting
certain negative emotions by embedding them deep into
the unconscious mind. This appears to be a built-in
defense mechanism.
Physiological Changes
The
underlying premise of Dr. Sarno’s work is that the
repressed, unconscious fear and anger described above
can actually induce physiological changes.Dr.
Sarno came to this conclusion as a result of dealing
with patients suffering from back and joint pain. In the
vast majority of his patients, Dr. Sarno noticed a
history of tension-induced disorders such as heartburn,
pre-ulcer symptoms, hiatus hernia, irritable bowel
syndrome, colitis, spastic colon, tension headache,
migraine and eczema. Whilst not all in the medical
profession agree that these disorders are
psychosomatically-induced, based on his consistent
clinical observations and on the failure of conventional
treatments, Dr. Sarno felt confident that indeed they
were.
Sarno
also noticed that heating pads, massage therapy and
physical therapy seemed to provide significant pain
relief to his patients, albeit temporarily. Since those
therapies simply increased blood circulation to the
applied areas, Sarno further conjectured that the real
cause of pain was a reduction of blood supply to soft
tissues in the affected areas, initiated by
emotionally-induced tension. His texts go into much
greater detail on how the limbic and autonomous nervous
systems are able to produce such effects.
According to Sarno, TMS is pain syndrome and does not
lead to permanent damage of the affected soft tissues,
despite the intensity of the pain. Simply understanding
that the pain is tension-induced and not a structural
problem is the key to a “cure”. Sarno noticed that once
his patients understood that they were suffering from
such tension, they were able to resume their normal
activities without pain.
It is
important to emphasize that according to Sarno’s TMS
theory, the cause of the pain is entirely psychosomatic
in nature and not a consequence of underlying
musculoskeletal abnormalities as typically diagnosed by
conventional medical practitioners. The pain is not
caused by muscle tears, tissue inflammation, herniation,
degeneration, decrepit muscles, bad ergonomics, poor
posture or bad typing techniques. None of these are the
cause. The root cause is entirely a sea of repressed,
unconscious, negative emotions which must be confronted.
This is a tough pill to swallow for RSI sufferers who
have received diagnosis of underlying musculoskeletal
disorders from various doctors and who can testify that
the pain they feel is indeed frighteningly real.
According to TMS, what is often diagnosed as tendonitis,
bursitis, fascitis, metatarsalgia, shin splints, tennis
elbow, sciatica, carpal tunnel syndrome, deQuervain
syndrome and so are simply areas of soft tissues not
receiving enough oxygen. Something interesting to note
is that people with real structural problems often don’t
experience any pain whatsoever, and yet people with
perfect structural composition might undergo
excruciating pain. This pattern is common within
computer-related RSI sufferers.
So
how do the mind and body conspire against you in this
way? How do they know what physiological modifications
to make in order for these unacceptable emotions to go
away? The answer to this question is remarkable. Most
assuredly the sufferer will develop symptoms least
likely to be attributed to the underlying negative
emotions - symptoms attributable to a structural
abnormality or something “mechanically wrong”. So long
as the conscious mind believes that the pain is
mechanical nature, believes that something wrong with
their wrist or joint, then this mechanism is doing its
job and the distraction will remain in place with the
true cause – the underlying negative emotions –
remaining unconfronted and repressed.
Physical Symptoms
The
physical symptoms of Tension Myositis Syndrome are many.
In fact, throughout its incremental development, TMS
symptoms began to accumulate and now range from cardiac
disorders to immune system disorders. TMS says that the
following disorders are fundamentally
emotionally-induced – created by your own system to
distract you from underlying and unacceptable negative
emotions.
Class of disorder |
Specific disorders
|
Lower back
pain |
Sciatica
Osteoarthritis
Spinal stenosis
Herniated /
bulging / degenerated lumbar disc
|
Scoliosis
Spondylolysthesis
Piriformis
syndrome
Weak/inflexible
|
torso or hip
muscles
Spina bifida
occulta
Spondylolysis
Transitional
vertebra. |
Neck/shoulder
pain |
Osteoarthritis
Pinched nerve
Herniated /
bulging / degenerated cervical disc
Tendonitis |
Whiplash
Thoracic
outlet syndrome
Weak/inflexible neck
|
shoulder
girdle, or rotator cuff muscles
Rotator cuff
tears
Bursitis |
Knee pain |
Osteoarthritis
Chondromalacia
|
Torn meniscus
Tendonitis |
Unstable
patella,
Muscular
Imbalances
around the knee joint |
Elbow pain |
Tennis elbow,
Muscular
imbalances around the elbow joint
|
Tendonitis |
Osteoarthritis |
Lower leg
pain |
Tendonitis
Neuroma
Shin splints
|
Plantar
fasciitis
Flat feet
Muscular
imbalances around the ankle or foot joints
|
Plantar
metatarsalgia
Osteoarthritis
Calcium
deposit/heel
|
Wrist/hand
pain |
Carpal tunnel
syndrome/repetitive stress injury
Osteoarthritis |
Tendonitis
|
Muscular
imbalances around the wrist or hand joints
|
Nerve
dysfunction |
Sciatica
Bell's palsy
|
Carpal tunnel
syndrome / repetitive stress injury
|
Trigeminal
neuralgia / tic douloureux
|
Gastrointestinal |
Heartburn/acid reflux
Ulcer
Irritable
bowel syndrome |
Hiatus hernia
Nervous
stomach
Colitis |
Gastritis
Spastic colon
|
Circulation |
Tension
headache
|
Migraine
|
Raynaud's
phenomenon (excessively cold hands/feet) |
Genitourinary |
Urinary tract
infections |
Prostatitis |
|
Cardiac |
Rapid
pounding heartbeat (paroxysmal auricular
tachycardia)
|
Extra (ectopic)heartbeats
|
|
Immune system |
Allergies
Skin
disorders |
Asthma
attacks
Epstein-Barr
syndrome
|
Frequent
infections |
Psychological |
Depression
Anxiety
|
Panic attacks
|
Obsessive-compulsive disorder |
Other |
Dizziness/vertigo
Laryngitis/spasmodic dysphonia |
Tinnitus
(ringing in the ears)
|
Chronic
fatigue syndrome
|
If you have tenderness in any of these areas, it is a reliable indicator or diagnosis that your body holds tension induced pain.
And it will show up in many of the places located in the diagrams below.
How to
cure TMS
Conventional treatments such as pain relievers and
ultrasound therapies may provide temporary relief from
physical symptoms, but they won’t treat the underlying
psychological cause – the root cause. If you understand
and believe in TMS, there is good news – you can cure
your pain, and you can do it without damaging your
wallet. Since TMS is designed to distract you from
underlying emotional pain through physical pain,
understanding and believing TMS is half the cure. The
other half requires the identification and confrontation
of the repressed emotions which threaten your
self-image. Acknowledging these emotions evaporates them
and renders the smoke-screen physical symptoms
unnecessary. In some people this can occur quite
dramatically. They might be emotionally volatile for a
few days, then suddenly no more pain and no more
negativity, almost miraculously.
Identifying and confronting these emotions is the
hardest aspect of the cure since these unconscious
emotions may not be apparent. The following suggestions
help in this process:
- Completely
believe and accept TMS as the source of your
symptoms. If you believe that a structural problem
is still a contributing cause, then you are allowing
TMS some breathing space. You must accept that these
symptoms are emotionally induced.
- Think about the
case of your symptoms in the “emotional context”.
Whilst the actual pain comes from mild oxygen
deprivation to afflicted areas, the root cause is
emotional. You must think about the pain in the
emotional context, not in the “structural problem”
context. It can be difficult to adjust your way of
thinking in this manner, but it is crucial.
- Write down a
list of expectations you have of yourself, identify
which ones you think are being threatened or which
ones you are failing to accomplish. Think about why
you believe you are failing and reason your way out
of this way of thinking.
- Start to get
your body in the best physical shape you can. This
step is extremely important because it helps clear
the mind and relieve stress. Jogging, Yoga, Tai-Chi
/ Chi-Gong and meditation all allow you to do this.
- Practice these
steps several times a day.
- Don’t rush, go
slow. Resume your activities gradually as your
health returns. Jumping straight into the old
activities can cause a relapse.
Many
people have claimed to have cured TMS by simply reading
some of Sarno’s books. If you find yourself not making
progress, it may be worthwhile to check out some of his
books. If you still aren’t finding relief, meeting up
with a TMS professional or standard psychotherapist may
be helpful. Empirically, 10-15% of TMS sufferers require
some form of psychotherapy to aid them. It is important
to be patient and persistent, and to be easy on
yourself. Poking around in your unconscious mind can be
difficult. Several suffers have described being very
emotionally volatile for weeks during this process.